Aristotelian metaphysics was attacked from several directions in the twentieth century. Martin Heidegger's critique was distinctive in its close engagement with and reinterpretation of Aristotle's own texts. Heidegger and his followers attempted to deconstruct Aristotelianism's traditionally theoretical philosophy, but some of those followers - most famously, Hans-Georg Gadamer - went on to isolate and rehabilitate a 'neo-Aristotelian' and specifically 'practical' philosophy. 
 

The influence of neo-Aristotelian practical philosophy has now diffused, and spread. Perhaps most notably, it can be traced in the recent development of 'particularism' within Anglo-American ethics.